Research on the Human Dural Microvascular Endothelial Cells is essential to the study of migraine, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, dural venous sinus thrombosis, and meningioma angiogenesis. The meninges are three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. From outermost to innermost, they are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The meninges act as a barrier between the central nervous system and the surrounding bones, providing structural support, cushioning against external impacts, maintaining cerebrospinal fluid circulation, and contributing to the formation of the blood-brain barrier. The Human Dural Microvascular Endothelial Cells are to be used with Human Dural Microvascular Endothelial Cell Medium (Cat. No. ACM0095). This product is intended for laboratory in vitro use only. It is not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or clinical applications.