The Vcpip1 Knockout RAW 264.7 Cell Line is a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-disrupted macrophage model designed for functional dissection of Vcpip1 (VCIP135) in murine immune cells. This knockout cell line provides a stable loss-of-function system through targeted disruption of the Vcpip1 locus, eliminating VCIP135 deubiquitinase activity. It serves as an essential tool for advanced studies on post-mitotic Golgi membrane dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and p97/VCP-dependent proteostatic pathways, offering a clean background for rigorous mechanistic investigations.
The parental RAW 264.7 cell line was originally derived from BALB/c mouse monocytes/macrophages via Abelson murine leukemia virus-induced transformation. These cells maintain hallmark macrophage functions, including robust phagocytosis, lipopolysaccharide-inducible cytokine secretion, and antigen presentation capabilities. Their well-documented responsiveness to immune agonists and metabolic stressors makes them a preferred platform for immunological research, and when paired with this Vcpip1 knockout, they enable targeted exploration of how VCIP135 impacts innate immune cell physiology and protein degradation networks.
Vcpip1 encodes the deubiquitinating enzyme VCIP135, a crucial cofactor for the hexameric ATPase p97/VCP. VCIP135 interacts directly with p97/VCP and its adaptor p47 to mediate deubiquitination of Golgi matrix proteins GM130 and GRASP65, thereby driving mitotic Golgi reassembly. In the ERAD pathway, VCIP135 collaborates with ER membrane components such as Derlin-1 and VIMP to extract and deubiquitinate misfolded proteins prior to proteasomal degradation. Upstream, CDK1 phosphorylation and ubiquitin-dependent signals regulate Vcpip1 activity, positioning it at a convergence point between cell cycle progression and cellular proteostasis.
In the context of RAW 264.7 macrophages, ablation of Vcpip1 disrupts p97/VCP-driven membrane trafficking and ERAD, likely leading to accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins and aberrant Golgi morphology. These molecular defects can impair macrophage effector functions, including phagocytosis, inflammatory signaling, and proteostatic adaptation. This model therefore enables precise examination of how Vcpip1-dependent processes influence immune homeostasis and how their failure may contribute to macrophage-driven inflammation or immune dysfunction.
Typical applications of this cell line include immunofluorescence-based tracking of Golgi reassembly, Western blot analysis of p97/VCP and ERAD markers, and flow cytometric cell cycle profiling following synchronization. Functional assessments such as bacterial phagocytosis assays and ELISA-based cytokine quantification clarify Vcpip1??s role in macrophage-driven immune responses. The model is also suited for drug sensitivity studies using proteasome inhibitors or small molecules targeting the p97/VCP axis, supporting cancer and neurodegeneration research. For further inquiries or technical assistance, please contact Ascent Research.
